This study aims to solve time-space uncertainties due to the narrow network channel bandwidth and long\ntransmission delay of an underwater acoustic sensor network when a node is using a channel. This study proposes\na MAC protocol (BSPMDP-MAC) for an underwater acoustic sensor network based on the belief state space. This\nprotocol can averagely divide the time axis of a sensor�s receiving nodes into n slots. The action state information\nof a sensor�s transmission node was divided by the grades of link quality and the residual energy of each node. The\nreceiving nodes would obtain the decision strategy sequence of the usage rights of the competitive channels of\nthe sensor�s transmission nodes according to the joint probability distributions of historical observations and action\ninformation of channel occupancy. The transmission nodes will transmit data packets to the receiving nodes in\nturns in allocated slots, according to the decision strategy sequence, and the receiving nodes will predict the\nchannel occupancy and perceive the belief states and access actions in the next cycle, according to the present\nbelief states and actions. These experimental simulation results show that this protocol can reduce the collision rate\nof data packets, improve the network throughput and transmission success rate of data packets, and reduce the\nenergy overhead of the network.
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